Serum Isoleucine (Ile)
Glucogenic and ketogenic branched-chain amino acid involved in glucose uptake, hemoglobin synthesis, and energy regulation.
Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangesumol/L
Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.
Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.
40 - 100 umol/L
General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.
45 - 85 umol/L
Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.
Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose
Degraded via BCAT and BCKDH into succinyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA, fueling both gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis.
Differential Diagnosis
Elevated Levels (Ile High)
- •Type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction
- •MSUD
- •Excessive BCAA supplementation
Low Levels (Ile Low)
- •Protein malnutrition
- •Anorexia nervosa
Technical Reference & Deep Dive
Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup
Pre-Analytical Considerations:
Collect in standard collection tubes as specified by the laboratory protocol. Avoid hemolysis and process serum/plasma promptly within 2 hours. Discontinue interfering supplements prior to testing when applicable.
Reflexive Testing Protocol:
- Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker panel evaluation for Ile
- Targeted imaging or functional organ assessment related to metabolic flexibility & substrate flux
- Comprehensive metabolic and inflammatory baseline panel (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
- [1]Clinical Reference and Physiological Dynamics of Serum Isoleucine - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 33890124
- [2]Ile in Human Longevity and Pathophysiological Risk Stratification - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35122901
Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators
Medicine 3.0Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Serum Isoleucine (Ile) into overall healthspan optimization.