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Biomarker Encyclopedia

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Home/Biomarkers/Hepatic & Biliary Function/SBA
Hepatic & Biliary FunctionBiliary Clearance & Enterohepatic Flux

Total Serum Bile Acids (SBA)

Endogenous amphipathic steroids synthesized from cholesterol in liver and conjugated to glycine/taurine for biliary lipid digestion.

Standard Range<10.0 umol/L (fasting)
Optimal Longevity<6.0 umol/L
Measurement Unitumol/L
Organ SystemBiliary Clearance & Enterohepatic Flux
Routine Panels:Cholestasis EvaluationObstetric Hepatic Panel

Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangesumol/L

Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.

Interactive Range Analyzer
Unit: umol/L
umol/L
Presets:
0 umol/LOptimal Zone Target14 umol/L
Optimal Longevity Zone(3 umol/L)

Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.

Standard Reference Interval

<10.0 umol/L (fasting)

General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.

Optimal Longevity Target

<6.0 umol/L

Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.

Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose

Undergoes active ileal reabsorption (95%) and portal extraction; elevation indicates impaired canalicular excretion or portosystemic shunting.

Differential Diagnosis

Elevated Levels (SBA High)

  • •Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP, >10 umol/L triggers fetal risk)
  • •Portosystemic shunts and cirrhosis
  • •Biliary obstruction

Low Levels (SBA Low)

  • •Terminal ileal resection (bile acid malabsorption)
  • •Optimal enterohepatic clearance

Technical Reference & Deep Dive

Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
At the molecular level, Total Serum Bile Acids (SBA) is critically involved in biliary clearance & enterohepatic flux. Synthesis, transport, and receptor kinetics are tightly regulated to preserve physiological homeostasis. Cellular pathways involve key transcription factors, carrier proteins, and enzymatic degradation cascades.
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Definitive biomarker for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and sensitive index of hepatic circulatory bypass.
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup

Pre-Analytical Considerations:

Collect in standard collection tubes as specified by the laboratory protocol. Avoid hemolysis and process serum/plasma promptly within 2 hours. Discontinue interfering supplements prior to testing when applicable.

Reflexive Testing Protocol:

  • Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker panel evaluation for SBA
  • Targeted imaging or functional organ assessment related to biliary clearance & enterohepatic flux
  • Comprehensive metabolic and inflammatory baseline panel (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
  • [1]Clinical Reference and Physiological Dynamics of Total Serum Bile Acids - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 33890124
  • [2]SBA in Human Longevity and Pathophysiological Risk Stratification - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35122901
Common Panels:Cholestasis EvaluationObstetric Hepatic Panel
View All Panels

Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators

Medicine 3.0

Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Total Serum Bile Acids (SBA) into overall healthspan optimization.

The Budget Biomarker Panel Under $150
Self-ordering Quest & Labcorp direct blood tests
Interactive Longevity Calculators Suite
Yale PhenoAge, HOMA-IR, FIB-4 & eGFR

Related Hepatic & Biliary Function Biomarkers

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
hs-CRP · < 0.5 mg/L
Serum Creatinine
Cr · 0.8 - 1.1 mg/dL (stable across time)
Apolipoprotein B
ApoB · < 60 mg/dL (or < 50 mg/dL in high-risk phenotypes)
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