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Biomarker Encyclopedia

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Home/Biomarkers/Micronutrients & Vitamins/Cystathionine
Micronutrients & VitaminsTranssulfuration Intermediate

Plasma Cystathionine (Cystathionine)

Thioether intermediate synthesized from homocysteine and serine by vitamin B6-dependent cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS).

Standard Range40 - 250 nmol/L
Optimal Longevity60 - 180 nmol/L
Measurement Unitnmol/L
Organ SystemTranssulfuration Intermediate
Routine Panels:Transsulfuration CascadeVitamin B6 Functional

Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangesnmol/L

Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.

Interactive Range Analyzer
Unit: nmol/L
nmol/L
Presets:
28 nmol/LOptimal Zone Target338 nmol/L
Optimal Longevity Zone(120 nmol/L)

Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.

Standard Reference Interval

40 - 250 nmol/L

General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.

Optimal Longevity Target

60 - 180 nmol/L

Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.

Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose

Cleaved by cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH / CSE) into cysteine and alpha-ketobutyrate; accumulates when B6 is deficient or renal clearance is impaired.

Differential Diagnosis

Elevated Levels (Cystathionine High)

  • •Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate) functional deficiency
  • •Chronic kidney disease (decreased renal clearance)
  • •Cystathioninuria (CTH deficiency)

Low Levels (Cystathionine Low)

  • •Optimal transsulfuration flux to cysteine and glutathione
  • •Normal B6 sufficiency

Technical Reference & Deep Dive

Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
At the molecular level, Plasma Cystathionine (Cystathionine) plays an essential physiological role in transsulfuration intermediate. Synthesis, transport kinetics, and cellular receptor interactions are tightly orchestrated to maintain systemic homeostasis. Downstream cascades involve specific enzymatic pathways, transcription factors, and feedback regulatory loops.
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Sensitive functional biomarker for vitamin B6 (P5P) deficiency and primary screening marker for mild cystathionine beta-synthase heterozygosity.
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup

Pre-Analytical Considerations:

Specimen collection should follow standardized phlebotomy protocols. Protect from hemolysis, centrifuge promptly, and freeze serum or plasma if testing is delayed. Patient should be in a resting, fasting state where indicated.

Reflexive Testing Protocol:

  • Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker quantification for Cystathionine
  • Targeted organ system imaging or functional dynamic testing related to transsulfuration intermediate
  • Comprehensive baseline metabolic, renal, and inflammatory assessment (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
  • [1]Clinical Reference and Molecular Physiology of Plasma Cystathionine - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 34190124
  • [2]Cystathionine Dynamics in Human Longevity and Precision Medicine - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35422901
Common Panels:Transsulfuration CascadeVitamin B6 Functional
View All Panels

Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators

Medicine 3.0

Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Plasma Cystathionine (Cystathionine) into overall healthspan optimization.

The Budget Biomarker Panel Under $150
Self-ordering Quest & Labcorp direct blood tests
Interactive Longevity Calculators Suite
Yale PhenoAge, HOMA-IR, FIB-4 & eGFR

Related Micronutrients & Vitamins Biomarkers

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
hs-CRP · < 0.5 mg/L
Serum Creatinine
Cr · 0.8 - 1.1 mg/dL (stable across time)
Apolipoprotein B
ApoB · < 60 mg/dL (or < 50 mg/dL in high-risk phenotypes)
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