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Home/Biomarkers/Endocrinology & Hormones/Late-Night Salivary Cortisol
Endocrinology & HormonesCircadian Cortisol Nadir

Nighttime Bedtime Salivary Cortisol (Late-Night Salivary Cortisol)

Assessment of unbound free salivary cortisol collected at the circadian nadir (11:00 PM to midnight).

Standard Range<1.5 ng/mL (at 11:00 PM)
Optimal Longevity<0.8 ng/mL
Measurement Unitng/mL
Organ SystemCircadian Cortisol Nadir
Routine Panels:Cushing Screening PanelCircadian Rhythm Assessment

Standard vs. Optimal Reference Rangesng/mL

Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.

Interactive Range Analyzer
Unit: ng/mL
ng/mL
Presets:
0 ng/mLOptimal Zone Target3 ng/mL
Optimal Longevity Zone(0.4 ng/mL)

Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.

Standard Reference Interval

<1.5 ng/mL (at 11:00 PM)

General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.

Optimal Longevity Target

<0.8 ng/mL

Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.

Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose

Normal physiological HPA axis tone suppresses cortisol synthesis to near-zero levels during bedtime onset.

Differential Diagnosis

Elevated Levels (Late-Night Salivary Cortisol High)

  • •Cushing syndrome (loss of nocturnal circadian nadir)
  • •Night shift workers with disrupted circadian phase
  • •Severe acute late-night psychological stress

Low Levels (Late-Night Salivary Cortisol Low)

  • •Normal preserved circadian nocturnal nadir
  • •Healthy circadian sleep-wake architecture

Technical Reference & Deep Dive

Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
At the molecular level, Nighttime Bedtime Salivary Cortisol (Late-Night Salivary Cortisol) is critically involved in circadian cortisol nadir. Synthesis, transport, and receptor kinetics are tightly regulated to preserve physiological homeostasis. Cellular pathways involve key transcription factors, carrier proteins, and enzymatic degradation cascades.
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Most sensitive non-invasive screening test for loss of circadian cortisol rhythm in early Cushing syndrome.
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup

Pre-Analytical Considerations:

Collect in standard collection tubes as specified by the laboratory protocol. Avoid hemolysis and process serum/plasma promptly within 2 hours. Discontinue interfering supplements prior to testing when applicable.

Reflexive Testing Protocol:

  • Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker panel evaluation for Late-Night Salivary Cortisol
  • Targeted imaging or functional organ assessment related to circadian cortisol nadir
  • Comprehensive metabolic and inflammatory baseline panel (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
  • [1]Clinical Reference and Physiological Dynamics of Nighttime Bedtime Salivary Cortisol - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 33890124
  • [2]Late-Night Salivary Cortisol in Human Longevity and Pathophysiological Risk Stratification - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35122901
Common Panels:Cushing Screening PanelCircadian Rhythm Assessment
View All Panels

Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators

Medicine 3.0

Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Nighttime Bedtime Salivary Cortisol (Late-Night Salivary Cortisol) into overall healthspan optimization.

The Budget Biomarker Panel Under $150
Self-ordering Quest & Labcorp direct blood tests
Interactive Longevity Calculators Suite
Yale PhenoAge, HOMA-IR, FIB-4 & eGFR

Related Endocrinology & Hormones Biomarkers

High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
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Serum Creatinine
Cr · 0.8 - 1.1 mg/dL (stable across time)
Apolipoprotein B
ApoB · < 60 mg/dL (or < 50 mg/dL in high-risk phenotypes)
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