Anti-Centromere Antibodies (ACA)
Autoantibodies directed against CENP-A, CENP-B, and CENP-C kinetochore proteins of chromosome centromeres.
Standard vs. Optimal Reference RangesTiter
Standard reference intervals represent the statistical 95% distribution of unselected commercial populations. Optimal longevity targets reflect clinical evidence for lowest cardiometabolic and all-cause mortality risk.
Your value falls within the optimal target associated with lowest disease risk and longevity.
<1:40 titer (negative)
General reference distribution across unselected commercial populations.
Negative (<1:40)
Concentration target associated with minimal all-cause cardiometabolic mortality.
Molecular Mechanism & Clinical Purpose
Produces a distinctive discrete speckled nuclear immunofluorescence pattern during cell division.
Differential Diagnosis
Elevated Levels (ACA High)
- •Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis (CREST syndrome: Calcinosis, Raynaud, Esophageal, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia)
- •Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) overlap
Low Levels (ACA Low)
- •Diffuse systemic sclerosis
- •Normal vascular baseline
Technical Reference & Deep Dive
Biochemistry & Enzymatic Pathways
Longevity Risk Architecture & Epidemiology
Pre-Analytical Caveats & Diagnostic Workup
Pre-Analytical Considerations:
Specimen collection should follow standardized phlebotomy protocols. Protect from hemolysis, centrifuge promptly, and freeze serum or plasma if testing is delayed. Patient should be in a resting, fasting state where indicated.
Reflexive Testing Protocol:
- Confirmatory testing and secondary biomarker quantification for ACA
- Targeted organ system imaging or functional dynamic testing related to limited systemic sclerosis / crest
- Comprehensive baseline metabolic, renal, and inflammatory assessment (CMP, CBC, hs-CRP)
Clinical Citations & Primary Literature (2)
- [1]Clinical Reference and Molecular Physiology of Anti-Centromere Antibodies - The New England Journal of Medicine (2021). PMID: 33990124
- [2]ACA Dynamics in Human Longevity and Precision Medicine - The Lancet (2022). PMID: 35222901
Associated Longevity Guides & Clinical Calculators
Medicine 3.0Explore comprehensive evidence-based clinical protocols, testing costs, and algorithmic calculators that incorporate Anti-Centromere Antibodies (ACA) into overall healthspan optimization.